International Journal of Biology and Biological Sciences Vol. 6(1), pp. 001-008, March 2020 ISSN 2327-3062 ©2020 Academe Research Journals

Full Length Research Paper 

Comparison of some complication in β-thalassemia patients with control group

Amad M. Saleh Jubrail*¹, Ghorbat Saleh Ali*² and Malika Kassim Najeeb*³

^*1President of the University of Nawroz, Duhok, Iraq

^*2,3 College of Science, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq

*Corresponding author. E-mail: marwan.qader@yahoo.com  

Accepted 5 August, 2017

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Beta thalassemia is a type of inherited blood disorder, characterized by reduced or absence of synthesis of the beta chains. Currently, blood transfusion and sufficient of iron chelation therapy are important factors for treatment and follow up of thalassemia patients. Fortunately, high blood transfusion patients cause progressive iron overload. Consequently, the excess iron is deposited as hemosiderin and ferritin tissues and multiple complications such as liver, heart, endocrine dysfunction like hypothyroidism and hypogonadism. Aims: In comparison of the serum T4, TSH, estradiol, testosterone and vitamin D levels of ß-Thalassemia major with control group. Method:  Thirty-eight patients with β-Thalassemia major with mean age of 14.08± 3.02  years were studied.  All cases received blood transfusion and   given chelation therapy. Also, thirty-eight healthy persons with mean age of 13.34± 2.74 years participated in the control group. Result: In comparison of β- thalassemia major patients with control group, the results indicated the serum level of FT4 hormone did not differ significantly from the two groups whereas TSH (3.86± 2.7 1 µIU/ml) in the β-thalassemia major patients were increased significantly (p<0.05) compared with control group (2.72± 1.01 µIU/ml) and  23.68% (9/38) had subclinical hypothyroidism. Estradiol level in β-thalassemia major patients was significantly different (p< 0.01) from control group. The level of estradiol in the patients (30.60± 14.68 pg/ml) is high significant (p< 0.01) decreased that compared with level in control group (13.83 ± 9.06 pg/ml) more than 13years. Mean level of testosterone was highly significantly lower in β-thalassemia major patients than control group (p< 0.001). The mean of testosterone level was 1.22± 0.83 ng/ml  in β-thalassemia patients and3.71± 1.32ng/ml in control group more than 14 year. Mean of 25-hydroxy vitamin D level (11.11 ± 4.36 ng/ml) in patients was significantly lower than control group (14.03± 5.96 ng/ml). Conclusion: These results indicate high prevalence vitamin D deficiency, hypothyroidism and defect the puberty. Oral vitamin D or fortified milk with vitamin Suggested for maintain adequate level of vitamin D that has important role for balance of calcium and bone growth. Thyroid drug, estrogen and testosterone supplementation is a safe for thalassemia patients have each types of  endocrine disorders.   

Keywords: β-thalassemia, T4, TSH, estradiol, testosterone and vitamin D